Go to: Childhood Autism Screening Test (CAST). Intelligence Quotient (IQ) was measured in a subset of these children (N74). In addition, the relative risks (RRs) for being classified as autistic in the twin siblings of females or males with autism were assessed. This test has 53 validity, 99-97 reliability, its sensitivity is 94, and its specificity is 0.46. Two instruments measuring number of autistic traits (the Childhood Autism Spectrum Test (CAST) and the Child Autism Spectrum Quotient (AQ-Child)) were completed by these women about their children (N235), ages 610 years. The overall and sex- and zygosity-normalized scores of twin siblings of females and males classified with autism were compared. With the use of biometrical genetic theory, the covariance of the CAST score and each ASD diagnosis was modeled as the effects of additive genetic (A), shared. Participants who scored above the 90 th percentile on either instrument were classified as autistic. For those in the CATSS cohort, parents completed the autism-tics, attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder and other comorbidities (A-TAC) inventory to assay for autistic traits when the participants were 9 and 12 years old. This study examines sex differences in The Childhood Autism Spectrum Test (CAST) (Scott et al. ![]() ![]() Children in the TEDS cohort were assessed for ASD at age 12 years using the Childhood Autism Spectrum test (CAST), which was completed by parents. The data show that the CAST can be a valid and reliable questionnaire for ASD screening in Spanish clinical and community populations and a twofactor structure was found. Study participants were part of 2 large population cohorts of twins, including dizygotic twin pairs from the Twins Early Development Study (TEDS) in the UK and the Child and Adolescent Twin Study of Sweden (CATSS). Investigators from multiple institutions in the United States, United Kingdom (UK), and Sweden investigated whether the male preponderance in autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) is due to male-specific risk factors or female protective effects (FPE).
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